Scratch Box2 , Qemu with ELDK tool chain

1 Compile and Install Qemu
a) Download qemu-0.14.1.tar.gz ,use the this link http://wiki.qemu.org/Download
b) extract the qemu, tar -xvzf qemu-0.14.1.tar.gz
c) configure Qemu source.
./configure --prefix=$HOME/qemu --target-list=arm-linux-user
d) Compile and Install the binaries.
e)make install


2 Compile and install sbox2
a) git clone git://anongit.freedesktop.org/git/sbox2
cd sbox2
b) sbox2 gives compilation error patch the source with the file given in the link below.
sbox2-patch
patch -p1 -i /PATH-TO-PATCH/sbox2.patch
c)run ./autogen.sh to create a configuration file.
d) ./configure --prefix=$HOME/sb2
e) make install
f) PATH=$PATH:$HOME/sb2/bin

Target creation.
I have a ELDK toolchain installed on /opt/eldk, so:
cd /opt/eldk/arm
sb2-init -c /opt/qemu/bin/qemu-arm armv4 /opt/eldk/usr/bin/arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc
Once sb2-init is successfully installed,we can use it for cross-compiling source.
e.g
glib cross-compiling.
Download glib-2.24.0.tar.bz2
http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/glib/2.24/glib-2.24.0.tar.bz2
sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gst --disable-static --with-html-dir=/tmp/dump
sb2 make install

GTK+ DirectFB cross compilation

GTK+, or the GIMP Toolkit, is a multi-platform toolkit for creating graphical user interfaces. Offering a complete set of widgets. GTK+ is suitable for projects ranging from small one-off tools to complete application suites.

I have download the below softwares to start with.
atk-1.30.0: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/GNOME/sources/atk/1.30/atk-1.30.0.tar.bz2

cairo-1.8.10: http://cairographics.org/releases/cairo-1.8.10.tar.gz

DirectFB-1.4.3: http://directfb.org/downloads/Core/DirectFB-1.4/DirectFB-1.4.3.tar.gz

expat-2.0.1: http://sourceforge.net/projects/expat/

fontconfig-2.8.0: http://fontconfig.org/release/fontconfig-2.8.0.tar.gz

freetype-2.3.12: http://sourceforge.net/projects/freetype/files/

glib-2.24.0: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/glib/2.24/glib-2.24.0.tar.bz2

gtk+-2.20.1: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/gtk+/2.20/gtk+-2.20.1.tar.bz2

jpeg-8b: http://www.ijg.org/files/jpegsrc.v8b.tar.gz

tslib: http://www.zelow.no/floppyfw/download/Development/src/

libpng-1.2.39: http://sourceforge.net/projects/libpng/files/

libxml2-2.7.7: ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/pub/libxml/libxml2-2.7.7.tar.gz

pango-1.28.1: http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/pango/1.28/pango-1.28.1.tar.bz2

pixman-0.18.2: http://cairographics.org/releases/pixman-0.18.2.tar.gz

tiff-3.9.2: http://download.osgeo.org/libtiff/tiff-3.9.2.tar.gz

zlib-1.2.5: http://zlib.net/zlib-1.2.5.tar.gz


With scratchbox2 and qemu on the host machine cross compiling was straightforward.

Cross compiling order

1) tslib
sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb
sb2 make install

2) zlib
since glib require zlib
sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --shared
sb2 make install

3) glib
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/gtkfb/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/gtkfb/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --disable-static --with-html-dir=/tmp/dump
sb2 make install

4) atk
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/gtkfb/lib/pkgconfig
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/gtkfb/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/gtkfb/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --disable-glibtest
sb2 make install

5) jpeg-8b
sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --enable-shared --enable-static
sb2 make install

6) libpng
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/gtkfb/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/gtkfb/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb
sb2 make install

7) expat-2.0
sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb
sb2 make install

8) freetype
sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb
sb2 make install

9)libxml
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/arm/gst/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/arm/gst/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --without-python
sb2 make install

10)freetype-2.3.12
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/arm/gst/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/arm/gst/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --with-freetype-config=/opt/gtkfb/bin/freetype-config

11) tiff -- not used gcc 4.3.2
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/arm/gst/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/arm/gst/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --enable-shared
sb2 make install

12) DirectFB
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/arm/gst/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/arm/gst/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --with-gfxdrivers=none --with-inputdrivers=all --enable-png --enable-jpeg --enable-tiff=no --enable-zlib --enable-sdl=no --enable-gif=no --disable-x11
sb2 make install

13) pixman-0.18.2
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/arm/gst/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/arm/gst/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --disable-gtk

14) cairo
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/gtkfb/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/gtkfb/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --without-x --disable-xlib --disable-xlib-xrender --enable-directfb --enable-freetype --disable-win32 --enable-pdf --enable-ps --enable-svg --enable-png

15) Pango
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/gtkfb/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/gtkfb/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --without-x

16 gtk
LDFLAGS=-L/opt/gtkfb/lib CPPFLAGS=-I/opt/gtkfb/include/ sb2 ./configure --prefix=/opt/gtkfb --with-gdktarget=directfb --without-x --without-libtiff --disable-glibtest --disable-cups

Now to compile a simple helloworld.c pro-gramme with these libraries.
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/gtkfb/lib/pkgconfig
arm-linux-gcc -Wall -g helloworld.c -o helloworld `pkg-config --cflags gtk+-2.0` `pkg-config --libs gtk+-2.0` -Wl,-O1 -Wl,-rpath,/opt/gtkfb/lib

mini2440 as USB mass storage gadget device

To make mini2440 as USB mass storage device,I needed to check both the schematics and source code. I am not sure the reason GPG12 GPIO port pin is used by touch screen, however this is not captured in schematics. also referred http://www.linux-usb.org/gadget/file_storage.html link to establish this task.

Step 1:
so the first step is to disable the touch screen driver in the kernel source tree.

step 2:
--- USB support
[*] USB device filesystem
<*> USB Gadget Support --->
File-backed Storage Gadget

step 3:
cross compile the kernel,boot the new kernel and filesystem. go to compiled linux source tree and download g_file_storage.ko to mini2440.

step 4:
Creating a backing storage file

since the mini2440 has 64 MB flash, I allocated 10MB space for backup storage file.
bash# dd bs=1M count=10 if=/dev/zero of=/root/backing_file

step 5:
Partitioning the backing storage

     bash# fdisk /root/backing_file
 Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun or SGI disklabel
 Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
 until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
 content won't be recoverable.

 You must set heads sectors and cylinders.
 You can do this from the extra functions menu.

 Command (m for help):  
 
 Give the "x" (eXpert or eXtra) command:
 
 Command (m for help): x
     now select Heads, Sectors, and Cylinders
 g_file_storage uses a sector size of 512 bytes, so 8 sectors/track will give us 4096 bytes
     per track
 Expert command (m for help): s
 Number of sectors (1-63): 8
 Warning: setting sector offset for DOS compatiblity 

 With 4 KB per track, 16 heads will give us a total of 64 KB per cylinder
  Expert command (m for help): h
 Number of heads (1-256): 16 

 Since we've got 64 KB per cylinder and 10 MB total, we need to use 320
cylinders.
 Expert command (m for help): c
 Number of cylinders (1-131071): 320

     Now return to the normal menu (the "r" command):
 Expert command (m for help): r

     creating a primary partition

     Command (m for help): n
 Command action
    e   extended
    p   primary partition (1-4)
      p
 Partition number (1-4): 1
 First cylinder (1-1024, default 1):
 Using default value 1
 Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-1024, default 1024):
 Using default value 1024

 Since you want to use the gadget with a Windows host, you should change the
partition type (the "t" command) to FAT32 (code "b")
 Command (m for help): t
 Partition number (1-4): 1
 Hex code (type L to list codes): b
 Changed system type of partition 1 to b (Win95 FAT32) 

 Finally write out ("w") the partition table to the backing storage:
 Command (m for help): w
 The partition table has been altered!

 Adding a filesystem

   You use the losetup program to set up the loop
 device driver with the proper offset:

 # losetup -o 4096 /dev/loop0 /root/backing_file

 and then you can mount it:

 # mount -t vfat /dev/loop0 /mnt/loop 

 /dev/loop0 is mapped to the partition within the backing
storage.  You can create a filesystem on it:
  # mkdosfs /dev/loop0 


now do "insmod g_file_storage file=/root/backing_file" on mini2440,then connect mini2440 to host PC.
the FAT32 partition with will be visible as storage device on Host system

ELDK on mini2440

The Embedded Linux Development Kit (ELDK) includes the GNU cross development tools, such as the compilers, binutils, gdb, etc.support different Target architecture including arm.

Download link
http://www.denx.de/wiki/DULG/ELDKAvailability


Creating enviroment on host PC.
linuxhost > mkdir eldk
linuxhost > mkdir install_mount
linuxhost > cd eldk/
linuxhost/eldk > su
linuxhost/eldk # mount -o loop,exec ../arm-2007-01-21.iso ../install_mount/
linuxhost/eldk # exit


linuxhost/eldk > ls ../install_mount/
. arm ELDK_FIXOWNER etc install RPMS tools
.. common ELDK_MAKEDEV icons README.html sys version


linuxhost/eldk > ../install_mount/install arm
linuxhost/eldk > chmod u+x eldk_init

now unmount the ISO image as root

linuxhost/eldk > ./eldk_init arm
export these variable to environment,or include them as part of .bashrc file.
ARCH=arm
CROSS_COMPILE=arm-linux-
DEPMOD=/opt/eldk/usr/bin/depmod.pl
PATH=/opt/eldk/usr/bin:/opt/eldk/bin


Using ELDK for mini2440

compiling the Kernel...
Error found while compiling the kernel
kernel/bounds.c:1: error: invalid ABI option: -mabi=aapcs-linux
Fix is to un select Kernel Features ---> [ ] Use the ARM EABI to compile the kernel
Now do make in kernel source,the kernel is successfully build on ELDK.

Building the Root file system
untar the root_qtopia.tar.gz which is available on CD.
cd root_qtopia
rm bin sbin lib usr -rf
cp /opt/ELDK/arm/lib . rf

BusyBox combines tiny versions of many common UNIX utilities into a single small executable,I have used busybox-1.16.0 for my filesystem.
compilation is very straightforward. make menuconfig,
In BusyBox Settings -->Build Options , use 'arm-linux-' as cross compiler prefix.
In Installation Options-> , update the BusyBox Installation prefix
busybos build will create 'bin','sbin','usr' folders in its installation folder.
copy these folders to root_qtopia/
cp /{bin,sbin,usr} root_qtopia/ -rf

now yaffs2 image for root_qtopia and upload it to mini2440 board.

mkyaffs2image root_qtopia rootfs.img

QT Media Player on mini2440

To run the media player example in QT we require cross-compile Gstreamer as back-end

cross compiling gstreamer was made comparatively easy for me,thanks to Mr. Felipe Contreras blog.

This is the link to his blog.

http://felipec.wordpress.com/2009/12/21/gstreamer-development-in-embedded-with-sbox2

For my board mini2440 I cross compiled the following source and installed in "/opt/gst" in my root filesystem.

• glib
• gstreamer
• liboil
• gst-plugin-base
• gst-plugin-good
• gst-plugin-ugly

Now you cross compile QT4.6 with phonon enabled,and linking the gstreamer library.

export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/opt/gst/lib/pkgconfig

./configure -prefix /opt/qt-4.6/build -debug -shared -fast -pch -no-qt3support -qt-sql-sqlite -no-libtiff -no-libmng -qt-libjpeg -qt-zlib -qt-libpng -qt-freetype -no-openssl -nomake examples -nomake demos -nomake tools -optimized-qmake -no-nis -no-opengl -no-cups -no-xcursor -no-xfixes -no-xrandr -no-xrender -no-xkb -no-feature-CURSOR -no-sm -no-xinerama -no-xshape -webkit -no-separate-debug-info -xplatform qws/linux-arm-g++ -embedded arm -depths 16 -no-qvfb -qt-gfx-linuxfb -no-gfx-qvfb -no-kbd-qvfb -no-mouse-qvfb -qt-kbd-tty -confirm-license -qt-mouse-tslib -phonon -I /opt/gst/lib/glib-2.0/include -I /opt/gst/include/glib-2.0 -I /opt/gst/include/gstreamer-0.10/gst -L /opt/gst/lib -L /opt/gst/lib/gstreamer-0.10 -force-pkg-config -v

After doing 'make install' the libraries are installed on '/opt/qt-4.6/build'

create '/opt/qt-4.6/build' in mini2440 filesystem copy QT related libraries.

create '/opt/gst/lib' in mini2440 copy the contents of the '/opt/gst/lib' on PC to mini2440 filesystem's '/opt/gst/lib'

once this is done cross compile the QT MediaPlayer example in QT Source tree, and copy it on the board and run it.

please don't forget to update the 'LD_LIBRARY_PATH' in the environment variable.

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$QTDIR/lib:/opt/gst/lib

Please see my previous blog on crosscompiling QT for mini2440 board for details.

Adding new driver on Linux2.6.30 source tree

Introduction:

This section deals with adding new driver onto the Linux source tree,I have added Lumidigm Venus Driver as character driver.

step 1: copy the driver source code(vcom.c) and into character folder of Linux source tree.

step 2: Edit the Kconfig file in the char folder and add the following line.
config LUMIDIGM
bool "Limidigm fingerprint USB driver"
depends on ARCH_S3C2440
default m if ARCH_S3C2440
help
say Y here to select,otherwise say N.
The Above configuration will give the option to the user for select/deselect Lumidigm driver,for S3C2440 Architecture with default as driver selected.
And help will display "say Y here to select,otherwise say N."

step 3: Edit Makefile in the char folder and add the following line
obj-$(CONFIG_LUMIDIGM) += vcom.o
prefix "CONFIG_" before "LUMIDIGM" flag as set in KConfig file.
save the configuration and do a menuconfig to verify the changes.

on menuconfig we will see the "[*] Limidigm fingerprint USB driver" in Device Drivers ---> Character devices --->

Qt Application development on mini2440

Introduction

This blog emphasize on building QT based GUI application for embedded linux , Its describes on setting up the IDE for QT ,cross compiling QT 4.5 libraries for embedded application on mini2440 board in particular.

Setting QT Creator (IDE).

Qt Creator is a new cross-platform integrated development environment (IDE) tailored to the needs of Qt developers, Qt SDK includes the tools you need to build cross-platform applications with Qt in a single install.

Qt libraries

Qt Creator IDE

Qt development tools

Use the below link to download Qt SDK.

http://get.qt.nokia.com/qtsdk/qt-sdk-linux-x86-opensource-2009.05.bin

Login as root to the host machine and run the the binary file on the command promt.

LinuxHost>chmod +x qt-sdk-linux-x86-opensource-2009.05.bin

LinuxHost>./qt-sdk-linux-x86-opensource-2009.05.bin

Now once the installation is complete,run the QT Creator by clicking on desktop icon.

Navigate Tools->Options

Select the Qt installation path, in my case it is PATH “/opt/qtsdk-2009/qt”.

Now click on rebuild button to configure it,on success Qt creator will check the 'Debugging Helper'

The IDE is set to develop QT application for the Host machine.

Cross compilation of QT 4.5.3 for mini2440 board.

1. Download the compressed package

http://qt.nokia.com/downloads/embedded-linux-cpp

now extract qt-embedded-linux-opensource-src-4.5.3.tar.gz to an appropriate folder and configure the source,it is assumed that the cross compiler is installed and the path is updated in the environment variable.

\path-to-mini2440\>tar -zxvf qt-embedded-linux-opensource-src-4.5.3.tar.gz

\path-to-mini2440>cd qt-embedded-linux-opensource-src-4.5.3

\path-to-mini2440\qt-embedded-linux-opensource-src-4.5.3>:

2. Compile the qt-embedded-linux-opensource-src-4.5.3. Remove some unnecessary features, keep most of the commonly used functions, and add support for the tslib touch screen recalibration.

^{./configure \
-prefix /new_disk/Hiteg/qt/build/ //specify the directory for installation,
-release -shared \
-fast \
-pch \
-no-qt3support \
-qt-sql-sqlite \
-no-libtiff -no-libmng \
-qt-libjpeg \
-qt-zlib \
-qt-libpng \
-qt-freetype \
-no-openssl \
-nomake examples -nomake demos -nomake tools \
-optimized-qmake \
-no-phonon \
-no-nis \
-no-opengl \
-no-cups \
-no-xcursor -no-xfixes -no-xrandr -no-xrender -no-xkb -no-sm \
-no-xinerama -no-xshape \
-no-separate-debug-info \
-xplatform qws/linux-arm-g++ \
-embedded arm \
-depths 16 \
-no-qvfb \
-qt-gfx-linuxfb \
-no-gfx-qvfb -no-kbd-qvfb -no-mouse-qvfb\
-qt-kbd-usb \
-confirm-license \
-qt-mouse-tslib}

^{$ make (or gmake)
$ make install (or gmake install)}

3.Build filesystem, copy necessary Qt libraries to the filesystem directory:

<sup>cd $rootfs #$rootfs is the filesystem directory

mkdir new_disk/hiteg/qt/build –p && cd new_disk/hiteg/qt/build
cp /new_disk/hiteg/qt/build/lib/libQtCore.so ./
cp /new_disk/hiteg/qt/build/lib/libQtGui.so.4 ./
cp /new_disk/hiteg/qt/build/lib/libQtNetwork.so.4 ./
mkdir fonts</sup>

copy the fonts that you want to implement in your Qt:

^{cp /mnt/qt/build/lib/fonts/xxxxx.qpf fonts}

Installing tslib library on mini2440

1. Where to download tslib source code.
   addr1 http://www.zelow.no/floppyfw/download/Development/src/(I suggest use this one)
   addr 2 http://mail.pdaxrom.org/download/1.1.0beta3/src/

2. How to compile
We've to manual set some enviroment virables. and correctly configure the source code. I show you a build file wrote myself:

#step 1 play a trick
echo "ac_cv_func_malloc_0_nonnull=yes" > arm-linux.autogen

#step 2 set the enviroment
export CC=/cross-compile/bin/arm-linux-gcc
export CXX=/cross-compile/bin/arm-linux-g++
export CONFIG_SITE=arm-linux.autogen
#step 2
./configure --build=i386-linux --host=arm-linux --target=arm --disable-inputapi --prefix=/new_disk/Hiteg/qt//build
do make and make install,you will get what you want under ./build. Actually you can set the prefix as your root_fs befor hand then after the "make install" these file are stay on position.


3. Copy the libraries to the standard library path in file system and make it available to the application.
3.1 initialize the environment setting first, you'd better place them in /etc/profile or other place you like.

QTDIR=/new_disk/Hiteg/qt-arm/build

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$QTDIR/lib

TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE=none

TSLIB_FBDEVICE=/dev/fb0

TSLIB_TSDEVICE=/dev/input/event0

TSLIB_CALIBFILE=/etc/pointercal

TSLIB_CONFFILE=/usr/local/etc/ts.conf

QWS_SIZE=240x320

QWS_DISPLAY="LinuxFb:mmWidth135:mmHeight155"

QWS_MOUSE_PROTO="Tslib:/dev/input/event0"

TSLIB_PLUGINDIR=$QTDIR/lib/ts

export USER LOGNAME PS1 PATH

export QTDIR

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export TSLIB_CONSOLEDEVICE

export TSLIB_FBDEVICE

export TSLIB_TSDEVICE

export TSLIB_CALIBFILE

export TSLIB_CONFFILE

export QWS_SIZE

export QWS_DISPLAY

export QWS_MOUSE_PROTO

export TSLIB_PLUGINDIR